Punjab (History & Culture)

Ahmad Shah Abdali, the ruler of Afghanistan (1747–1772), invaded Punjab eight times between 1747 and 1767. His main aim was

Religion in Mughal Punjab was marked by diversity and conflict. Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism and Sufism shaped society, while Akbar’s tolerance

The economic condition of Punjab during the Mughal period was marked by prosperity in agriculture, flourishing industries, vibrant trade, and

The social condition of Punjab under the Mughals reflected a striking paradox. On one hand, the region was economically prosperous,

The Dal Khalsa was founded in 1748 A.D. at Amritsar on the day of Baisakhi. It was a united Sikh

Mir Mannu governed Punjab for five years (1748–1753 A.D.) with a single aim—to crush the rising power of the Sikhs.

Mir Mannu, also called Muin‑ul‑Mulk, was the son of Qamar‑ud‑Din, the Wazir of Mughal emperor Mohammad Shah Rangila. He was

After the death of Zakariya Khan in 1745 A.D., Punjab entered a turbulent phase marked by a war of succession

After the dismissal of Abdus Samad Khan in 1726 A.D., his eldest son Zakariya Khan rose to power as the

From 1713 to 1753 A.D., Punjab was ruled by four Mughal governors — Abdus Samad Khan, Zakariya Khan, Yahiya Khan,